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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry and chemokine receptors: a new therapeutic target Cammack NAntivir Chem Chemother 1999[Mar]; 10 (2): 53-62After the identification of CD4 as the primary receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 entry into cells of the immune system, it soon became clear that CD4 alone was not sufficient to establish a productive infection. The search for the second receptors or co-receptors started over 10 years ago, and it was not until 1996 that G protein-coupled 7-transmembrane receptors, CXCR4 and CCR5 were finally identified as the co-receptors for HIV-1 entry. The 7-transmembrane receptor family is a familiar therapeutic target for a number of diseases, and therefore these recent findings represent an exciting opportunity for new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of HIV-1 infection.|Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology[MESH]|GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism[MESH]|HIV Envelope Protein gp120/metabolism[MESH]|HIV-1/*physiology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Membrane Fusion/*physiology[MESH]|Receptors, CCR5/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism/*physiology[MESH] |
