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Non-surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma Alsowmely AM; Hodgson HJAliment Pharmacol Ther 2002[Jan]; 16 (1): 1-15Primary hepatocellular cancer is a disease with a poor prognosis for which there is little consensus on treatment and a paucity of comparative trials. The coexistence of cancer with cirrhosis complicates treatment, and also confers a high risk for the development of further tumours. Surgery, either by hepatic resection or orthotopic liver transplantation, is only a feasible option in a minority of patients. This article surveys the non-surgical approaches to the treatment of hepatocellular cancers-local ablation techniques, arterial embolization with and without chemotherapy, conventional chemotherapy and hormonal modulation, and targeted and external irradiation.|*Embolization, Therapeutic[MESH]|Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Brachytherapy[MESH]|Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*therapy[MESH]|Chemotherapy, Adjuvant[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Liver Neoplasms/*therapy[MESH]|Liver Transplantation[MESH] |