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Heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function; epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis Hogg K; Swedberg K; McMurray JJ Am Coll Cardiol 2004[Feb]; 43 (3): 317-27Recent cross-sectional, population-based echocardiographic studies show that about half of all patients with heart failure have preserved left ventricular systolic function (HF-PSF). Cohort studies of hospitalized patients show a smaller proportion of HF-PSF. Compared to those with reduced systolic function, patients with HF-PSF are more often female, older, less likely to have coronary artery disease, and more likely to have hypertension. Patients with HF-PSF are less symptomatic and receive different pharmacologic therapy than patients with reduced systolic function. Morbidity and mortality rates in patients with HF-PSF are high but not quite as high as in patients with reduced systolic function. Though much has recently been learned about the syndrome of HF-PSF, many questions remain to be answered, not least how it should be treated.|Adult[MESH]|Aged[MESH]|Aged, 80 and over[MESH]|Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use[MESH]|Comorbidity[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Heart Failure/drug therapy/economics/*epidemiology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Hospitalization/economics[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Hypertension/*epidemiology[MESH]|Male[MESH]|Middle Aged[MESH]|Myocardial Ischemia/*epidemiology[MESH]|Prognosis[MESH]|Quality of Life[MESH]|Ventricular Function, Left/*physiology[MESH] |