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Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) binding-mediated gene regulation Wang G; Xu XSCell Res 2004[Apr]; 14 (2): 111-6Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are synthetic oligonucleotides with chemically modified backbones. PNAs can bind to both DNA and RNA targets in a sequence-specific manner to form PNA/DNA and PNA/RNA duplex structures. When bound to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) targets, the PNA molecule replaces one DNA strand in the duplex by strand invasion to form a PNA/DNA/PNA [or (PNA)2/DNA] triplex structure and the displaced DNA strand exists as a single-stranded D-loop. PNA has been used in many studies as research tools for gene regulation and gene targeting. The D-loops generated from the PNA binding have also been demonstrated for its potential in initiating transcription and inducing gene expression. PNA provides a powerful tool to study the mechanism of transcription and an innovative strategy to regulate target gene expression. An understanding of the PNA-mediated gene regulation will have important clinical implications in treatment of many human diseases including genetic, cancerous, and age-related diseases.|*Gene Expression Regulation[MESH]|*Transcription, Genetic[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry[MESH]|DNA/*chemistry[MESH]|Gene Targeting[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Nucleic Acid Conformation[MESH]|Nucleic Acid Denaturation[MESH]|Nucleic Acid Hybridization/genetics[MESH]|Peptide Nucleic Acids/*chemistry/*genetics[MESH]|Promoter Regions, Genetic[MESH]|Templates, Genetic[MESH] |
