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Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase and its critical role in protein biosynthesis Das G; Varshney UMicrobiology (Reading) 2006[Aug]; 152 (Pt 8): 2191-2195Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase (Pth) releases tRNA from peptidyl-tRNA by cleaving the ester bond between the peptide and the tRNA. Genetic analyses using Escherichia coli harbouring temperature-sensitive Pth have identified a number of translation factors involved in peptidyl-tRNA release. Accumulation of peptidyl-tRNA in the cells leads to depletion of aminoacyl-tRNA pools and halts protein biosynthesis. Thus, it is vital for cells to maintain Pth activity to deal with the pollution of peptidyl-tRNAs generated during the initiation, elongation and termination steps of protein biosynthesis. Interestingly, while eubacteria possess a single class of peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase, eukaryotes possess several such activities, making Pth a potential drug target to control eubacterial infections. This review discusses the aspects of Pth that relate to its history and biochemistry and its physiological connections with various cellular factors.|*Protein Biosynthesis[MESH]|Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/genetics/*physiology[MESH]|RNA, Transfer, Met/metabolism[MESH]|Substrate Specificity[MESH] |
