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lüll Management of phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninemia de Baulny HO; Abadie V; Feillet F; de Parscau LJ Nutr 2007[Jun]; 137 (6 Suppl 1): 1561S-1563S; discussion 1573S-1575SHyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) is the most frequently inherited disorder of amino acid metabolism (prevalence 1:10,000). In France, a nationwide neonatal screening was organized in 1978 to control its efficacy and patient follow-up. Phenylketonuria (PKU) was diagnosed in 81.6% of screened patients, the remaining affected with either non-PKU HPA (17.2%) or with cofactor deficiency (1.1%). French guidelines were established to specify the minimal diagnosis procedures and optimal treatment of patients. A low-phenylalanine diet must be started within the first days of life for all newborns whose blood phenylalanine levels are above 10 mg/dL (600 micromol/L). The dietary control must keep the phenylalanine levels between 2 and 5 mg/dL (120 and 300 micromol/L) until 10 y of age. Thereafter, a progressive and controlled relaxation of the diet is allowed, keeping levels below 15 mg/dL until the end of adolescence and below 20 mg/dL (1200 micromol/L) in adulthood. A lifelong follow-up is recommended for PKU women to prevent for maternal PKU.|Child[MESH]|Child, Preschool[MESH]|Diet Therapy[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Monitoring, Physiologic[MESH]|Phenylalanine/blood[MESH]|Phenylketonurias/diagnosis/metabolism/*therapy/urine[MESH] |