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HEXIM1 and the control of transcription elongation: from cancer and inflammation to AIDS and cardiac hypertrophy Dey A; Chao SH; Lane DPCell Cycle 2007[Aug]; 6 (15): 1856-63Hexamethylene bis-acetamide inducible protein 1 (HEXIM1) is an inhibitor of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) that has recently been shown to be involved in cancers, AIDS, cardiac hypertrophy and inflammation. It was first cloned from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with hexamethylene bis-acetamide (HMBA), a compound that suppresses the proliferation of VSMCs. Little was kappanown about the biological function of HEXIM1 till the discovery of its association with P-TEFb. P-TEFb, a protein complex composed of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 and a cyclin partner, plays a key role in regulation of RNA polymerase II elongation. When associated with 7SK small nuclear RNA, HEXIM1 binds to P-TEFb and inhibits the kinase activity of P-TEFb. This finding provides the molecular basis for the inhibitory function of HEXIM1 in P-TEFb-dependent transcription, such as human immunodeficiency virus Tat transactivation and NFkappaB-mediated transcription. Recent evidences suggest an essential role of HEXIM1 in several diseases through transcriptional regulation.|Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Cardiomegaly/*metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Inflammation/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Neoplasms/*metabolism[MESH]|RNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism[MESH]|Transcriptional Elongation Factors/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism[MESH] |
