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Chromatin insulators: regulatory mechanisms and epigenetic inheritance Bushey AM; Dorman ER; Corces VGMol Cell 2008[Oct]; 32 (1): 1-9Enhancer-blocking insulators are DNA elements that disrupt the communication between a regulatory sequence, such as an enhancer or a silencer, and a promoter. Insulators participate in both transcriptional regulation and global nuclear organization, two features of chromatin that are thought to be maintained from one generation to the next through epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, there are many regulatory mechanisms in place that enhance or hinder insulator activity. These modes of regulation could be used to establish cell-type-specific insulator activity that is epigenetically inherited along a cell and/or organismal lineage. This review will discuss the evidence for epigenetic inheritance and regulation of insulator function.|*Epigenesis, Genetic[MESH]|*Insulator Elements[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Chromatin/*genetics/metabolism[MESH]|DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|Drosophila melanogaster/genetics[MESH]|Genome, Insect[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Models, Genetic[MESH]|Repressor Proteins/genetics/metabolism[MESH] |
