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Cell death mechanisms induced by cytotoxic lymphocytes Chavez-Galan L; Arenas-Del Angel MC; Zenteno E; Chavez R; Lascurain RCell Mol Immunol 2009[Feb]; 6 (1): 15-25One of the functions of the immune system is to recognize and destroy abnormal or infected cells to maintain homeostasis. This is accomplished by cytotoxic lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity is a highly organized multifactor process. Here, we reviewed the apoptosis pathways induced by the two main cytotoxic lymphocyte subsets, natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells. In base to recent experimental evidence, we reviewed NK receptors involved in recognition of target-cell, as well as lytic molecules such as perforin, granzymes-A and -B, and granulysin. In addition, we reviewed the Fas-FasL intercellular linkage mediated pathway, and briefly the cross-linking of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF receptor pathway. We discussed three models of possible molecular interaction between lytic molecules from effector cytotoxic cells and target-cell membrane to induction of apoptosis.|*Cytotoxicity, Immunologic[MESH]|*Models, Biological[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism[MESH]|Apoptosis/*immunology[MESH]|Exocytosis/immunology[MESH]|Fas Ligand Protein/metabolism[MESH]|Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein/metabolism[MESH]|Granzymes/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology[MESH]|Perforin/metabolism[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology[MESH]|Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism[MESH] |
