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New insights in synovial angiogenesis Szekanecz Z; Besenyei T; Paragh G; Koch AEJoint Bone Spine 2010[Jan]; 77 (1): 13-9Angiogenesis is the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels. A number of soluble and cell-bound factors may stimulate neovascularization. The perpetuation of angiogenesis involving numerous soluble and cell surface-bound mediators has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These angiogenic mediators, among others, include growth factors, primarily vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, various chemokines, cell adhesion molecules, proteases and others. Among the several potential angiogenesis inhibitors, targeting of VEGF, HIF-1, angiopoietin and the alpha(V)beta(3) integrin, as well as some endogenous or synthetic compounds including angiostatin, endostatin, paclitaxel, fumagillin analogues, 2-methoxyestradiol and thalidomide seems to be promising for the management of synovial inflammation and angiogenesis. A complete review of antiangiogenic drugs used in animal models of arthritis or human RA is available in a table.|Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy/metabolism/physiopathology[MESH]|Disease Models, Animal[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy/*metabolism/physiopathology[MESH]|Synovial Membrane/*blood supply/drug effects[MESH]|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism[MESH] |
