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Impairment in function and expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 in Dahl salt-sensitive rats: significance and mechanism Gao F; Wang DHHypertension 2010[Apr]; 55 (4): 1018-25To examine the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channels in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension, male Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and -resistant (DR) rats were fed a low-salt (LS) or high-salt (HS) diet for 3 weeks. DS-HS but not DR-HS rats developed hypertension. 4alpha-Phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (a selective TRPV4 activator; 2.5 mg/kg IV) decreased mean arterial pressure in all of the groups with the greatest effects in DR-HS and the least in DS-HS rats (P<0.05). Depressor effects of 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate but not dihydrocapsaicin (a selective TRPV1 agonist; 30 microg/kg IV) were abolished by ruthenium red (a TRPV4 antagonist; 3 mg/kg IV) in all of the groups. Blockade of TRPV4 with ruthenium red increased mean arterial pressure in DR-HS rats only (P<0.05). TRPV4 protein contents were decreased in the renal cortex, medulla, and dorsal root ganglia in DS-HS compared with DS-LS rats but increased in dorsal root ganglia and mesenteric arteries in DR-HS compared with DR-LS rats (P<0.05). Mean arterial pressure responses to blockade of small- and large-/intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (Maxikappa channels) with apamin and charybdotoxin, respectively, were examined. Apamin (100 microg/kg) plus charybdotoxin (100 microg/kg) abolished 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate-induced hypotension in DR-LS, DR-HS, and DS-LS rats only. Thus, HS-induced enhancement of TRPV4 function and expression in sensory neurons and resistant vessels in DR rats may prevent salt-induced hypertension possibly via activation of Maxikappa channels given that blockade of TRPV4 elevates mean arterial pressure. In contrast, HS-induced suppression of TRPV4 function and expression in sensory neurons and kidneys in DS rats may contribute to increased salt sensitivity.|Analysis of Variance[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Blood Pressure/*drug effects/*physiology[MESH]|Blotting, Western[MESH]|Capsaicin/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology[MESH]|Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects/metabolism[MESH]|Immunohistochemistry[MESH]|Kidney/drug effects/metabolism[MESH]|Male[MESH]|Mesenteric Arteries/drug effects/metabolism[MESH]|Microscopy, Confocal[MESH]|Phorbols/pharmacology[MESH]|Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated/metabolism[MESH]|Rats[MESH]|Rats, Inbred Dahl[MESH]|Sodium Chloride, Dietary/administration & dosage[MESH]|TRPV Cation Channels/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Time Factors[MESH] |
