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MRI quantification of non-Gaussian water diffusion by kurtosis analysis Jensen JH; Helpern JANMR Biomed 2010[Aug]; 23 (7): 698-710Quantification of non-Gaussianity for water diffusion in brain by means of diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) is reviewed. Diffusional non-Gaussianity is a consequence of tissue structure that creates diffusion barriers and compartments. The degree of non-Gaussianity is conveniently quantified by the diffusional kurtosis and derivative metrics, such as the mean, axial, and radial kurtoses. DKI is a diffusion-weighted MRI technique that allows the diffusional kurtosis to be estimated with clinical scanners using standard diffusion-weighted pulse sequences and relatively modest acquisition times. DKI is an extension of the widely used diffusion tensor imaging method, but requires the use of at least 3 b-values and 15 diffusion directions. This review discusses the underlying theory of DKI as well as practical considerations related to data acquisition and post-processing. It is argued that the diffusional kurtosis is sensitive to diffusional heterogeneity and suggested that DKI may be useful for investigating ischemic stroke and neuropathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.|*Models, Theoretical[MESH]|Diffusion[MESH]|Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/*methods[MESH]|Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods[MESH]|Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods[MESH]|Water/*metabolism[MESH] |
