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Integrins and extracellular matrix in mechanotransduction Schwartz MACold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2010[Dec]; 2 (12): a005066Integrins bind extracellular matrix fibrils and associate with intracellular actin filaments through a variety of cytoskeletal linker proteins to mechanically connect intracellular and extracellular structures. Each component of the linkage from the cytoskeleton through the integrin-mediated adhesions to the extracellular matrix therefore transmits forces that may derive from both intracellular, myosin-generated contractile forces and forces from outside the cell. These forces activate a wide range of signaling pathways and genetic programs to control cell survival, fate, and behavior. Additionally, cells sense the physical properties of their surrounding environment through forces exerted on integrin-mediated adhesions. This article first summarizes current knowledge about regulation of cell function by mechanical forces acting through integrin-mediated adhesions and then discusses models for mechanotransduction and sensing of environmental forces.|*Environment[MESH]|Cell-Matrix Junctions/metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Cytoskeleton/*metabolism[MESH]|Extracellular Matrix/metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Gene Expression Regulation[MESH]|Integrins/*metabolism[MESH]|Mechanotransduction, Cellular/*physiology[MESH]|Models, Biological[MESH]|Signal Transduction/*physiology[MESH] |
