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Coreceptor use in nonhuman primate models of HIV infection Sina ST; Ren W; Cheng-Mayer CJ Transl Med 2011[Jan]; 9 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1): S7SIV or SHIV infection of nonhuman primates (NHP) has been used to investigate the impact of coreceptor usage on the composition and dynamics of the CD4+ T cell compartment, mechanisms of disease induction and development of clinical syndrome. As the entire course of infection can be followed, with frequent access to tissue compartments, infection of rhesus macaques with CCR5-tropic SHIVs further allows for study of HIV-1 coreceptor switch after intravenous and mucosal inoculation, with longitudinal and systemic analysis to determine the timing, anatomical sites and cause for the change in envelope glycoprotein and coreceptor preference. Here, we review our current understanding of coreceptor use in NHPs and their impact on the pathobiological characteristics of the infection, and discuss recent advances in NHP studies to uncover the underlying selective pressures for the change in coreceptor preference in vivo.|Animals[MESH]|CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology[MESH]|Cercocebus atys[MESH]|Chlorocebus aethiops[MESH]|Disease Models, Animal[MESH]|HIV-1/*metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immune System[MESH]|Mandrillus/metabolism[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mucous Membrane/virology[MESH]|Phenotype[MESH]|Receptors, CCR5/*immunology[MESH]|Receptors, CXCR4/chemistry[MESH]|env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/*immunology[MESH] |
