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Calcium Channels in Primary Cilia #MMPMID27341444
Nauli SM; Pala R; Kleene SJ
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2016[Sep]; 25 (5): 452-8 PMID27341444show ga
Purpose of review: Primary cilia have become important organelles implicated in embryonic development, organogenesis, health, and diseases. While many studies in cell biology have focused on changes in ciliary length or ciliogenesis, the most common readout for evaluating ciliary function is intracellular calcium. Recent findings: Recent tools have allowed us to examine intracellular calcium in more precise locations, i.e. the cilioplasm and cytoplasm. Advances in calcium imaging have also allowed us to identify which cilia respond to particular stimuli. Furthermore, direct electrophysiological measurement of ionic currents within a cilium has provided a wealth of information for understanding the sensory roles of primary cilia. Summary: Calcium imaging and direct measurement of calcium currents demonstrate that primary cilia are sensory organelles that house several types of functional calcium channels. Although intracellular calcium now allows a functional read-out for primary cilia, discussions on the relative contributions of the several channel types have just begun. Perhaps all of these calcium channels are required and necessary to differentiate stimuli in different microenvironments.