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10.1007/s13311-016-0450-6 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1007/s13311-016-0450-6 C4965413!4965413!27324390     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\27324390.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Neurotherapeutics 2016 ; 13 (3): 535-46 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27324390|t=2016. Exosomes in Viral Disease |pdf=|usr=}}{{27324390}} gab.com Text Exosomes in Viral Disease JO: Neurotherapeutics http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27324390 #FOAvip Viruses have evolved many mechanisms by which to evade and subvert the immune system to ensure survival and persistence. However, for each method undertaken by the immune system for pathogen removal, there is a counteracting mechanism utilized by pathogens. The new and emerging role of microvesicles in immune intercellular communication and function is no different. Viruses across many different families have evolved to insert viral components in exosomes, a subtype of microvesicle, with many varying downstream effects. When assessed cumulatively, viral antigens in exosomes increase persistence through cloaking viral genomes, decoying the immune system, and even by increasing viral infection in uninfected cells. Exosomes therefore represent a source of viral antigen that can be used as a biomarker for disease and targeted for therapy in the control and eradication of these disorders. With the rise in the persistence of new and reemerging viruses like Ebola and Zika, exploring the role of exosomes become more important than ever.Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13311-016-0450-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Twit Text FOAVip Exosomes in Viral Disease ????Neurotherapeutics http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27324390 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27324390 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27324390}}</ref> Exosomes in Viral Disease #MMPMID27324390 Anderson MR; Kashanchi F; Jacobson S Neurotherapeutics 2016[Jul]; 13 (3): 535-46 PMID27324390show ga Viruses have evolved many mechanisms by which to evade and subvert the immune system to ensure survival and persistence. However, for each method undertaken by the immune system for pathogen removal, there is a counteracting mechanism utilized by pathogens. The new and emerging role of microvesicles in immune intercellular communication and function is no different. Viruses across many different families have evolved to insert viral components in exosomes, a subtype of microvesicle, with many varying downstream effects. When assessed cumulatively, viral antigens in exosomes increase persistence through cloaking viral genomes, decoying the immune system, and even by increasing viral infection in uninfected cells. Exosomes therefore represent a source of viral antigen that can be used as a biomarker for disease and targeted for therapy in the control and eradication of these disorders. With the rise in the persistence of new and reemerging viruses like Ebola and Zika, exploring the role of exosomes become more important than ever.Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13311-016-0450-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. äExosomes in Viral Disease (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing