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Trends Immunol 2011[Jun]; 32 (6): 272-7 PMID21530402show ga
Interferon-? (IFN-?) is the treatment most often prescribed for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). However, 30?50% of MS patients do not respond to IFN-?. In some cases, IFN-? exacerbates MS, and it consistently worsens neuromyelitis optica (NMO). In order to eliminate unnecessary treatment for patients non-responsive to IFN-?, and to avoid possible harm, researchers are identifying biomarkers that predict outcome prior to the initiation of treatment. These biomarkers reveal insights into mechanisms of disease. Recent discoveries on human samples from patients with RRMS, NMO, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and ulcerative colitis, indicate that IFN-? is ineffective and may worsen the clinical status in diverse diseases when a Th17 immune response is prominent.