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Lysophospholipid mediators in the vasculature #MMPMID25825155
Mueller P; Ye S; Morris A; Smyth SS
Exp Cell Res 2015[May]; 333 (2): 190-4 PMID25825155show ga
Acting through cell surface receptors, ?extracellular? lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) influences cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and development in a wide spectrum of settings [1?5]. Within the vasculature, smooth muscle cells [6, 7], endothelial cells [8] and platelets [9, 10] display notable responses to LPA [11, 12], which likely regulate blood vessel development and contribute to vascular pathology. The bioactive effects of LPA are mediated by a family of G-protein coupled receptors with at least six members (termed LPA1-6 that are encoded by the LPAR genes in humans and Lpar in mice) [1?3]. LPA may also serve as a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) [13]. This review summarizes evidence to support a role for LPA signaling in vascular biology based on studies of LPA receptors and enzymes that produce or metabolize the lipid (Figure 1).