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10.1038/ncomms9091 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/ncomms9091 C4569709!4569709!26348688     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26348688.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Nat+Commun 2015 ; 6 (�): � Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26348688|t=2015. Multilevel animal societies can emerge from cultural transmission |pdf=|usr=}}{{26348688}} gab.com Text Multilevel animal societies can emerge from cultural transmission JO: Nat Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26348688 #FOAvip Multilevel societies, containing hierarchically nested social levels, are remarkable social structures whose origins are unclear. The social relationships of sperm whales are organized in a multilevel society with an upper level composed of clans of individuals communicating using similar patterns of clicks (codas). Using agent-based models informed by an 18-year empirical study, we show that clans are unlikely products of stochastic processes (genetic or cultural drift) but likely originate from cultural transmission via biased social learning of codas. Distinct clusters of individuals with similar acoustic repertoires, mirroring the empirical clans, emerge when whales learn preferentially the most common codas (conformism) from behaviourally similar individuals (homophily). Cultural transmission seems key in the partitioning of sperm whales into sympatric clans. These findings suggest that processes similar to those that generate complex human cultures could not only be at play in non-human societies but also create multilevel social structures in the wild. Twit Text FOAVip Multilevel animal societies can emerge from cultural transmission ????Nat Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26348688 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26348688 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26348688}}</ref> Multilevel animal societies can emerge from cultural transmission #MMPMID26348688 Cantor M; Shoemaker LG; Cabral RB; Flores CO; Varga M; Whitehead H Nat Commun 2015[]; 6 (�): � PMID26348688show ga Multilevel societies, containing hierarchically nested social levels, are remarkable social structures whose origins are unclear. The social relationships of sperm whales are organized in a multilevel society with an upper level composed of clans of individuals communicating using similar patterns of clicks (codas). Using agent-based models informed by an 18-year empirical study, we show that clans are unlikely products of stochastic processes (genetic or cultural drift) but likely originate from cultural transmission via biased social learning of codas. Distinct clusters of individuals with similar acoustic repertoires, mirroring the empirical clans, emerge when whales learn preferentially the most common codas (conformism) from behaviourally similar individuals (homophily). Cultural transmission seems key in the partitioning of sperm whales into sympatric clans. These findings suggest that processes similar to those that generate complex human cultures could not only be at play in non-human societies but also create multilevel social structures in the wild. �Multilevel animal societies can emerge from cultural transmission (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing