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Organoid Models of Human Gastrointestinal Development and Disease #MMPMID26774180
Dedhia PH; Bertaux-Skeirik N; Zavros Y; Spence JR
Gastroenterology 2016[May]; 150 (5): 1098-112 PMID26774180show ga
We have greatly advanced our ability to grow a diverse range of tissue-derived and pluripotent stem cell-derived gastrointestinal (GI) tissues in vitro. These systems, broadly referred to as organoids, have allowed the field to move away from the often non-physiologic, transformed cell lines that have been used for decades in GI research. Organoids are derived from primary tissues and have the capacity for long-term growth. They contain varying levels of cellular complexity and physiologic similarity to native organ systems. We review the latest discoveries from studies of tissue-derived and pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal, gastric, esophageal, liver, and pancreatic organoids. These studies have provided important insights into GI development, tissue homeostasis, and disease and might be used to develop personalized medicines.