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Tumor-associated macrophages: from mechanisms to therapy #MMPMID25035953
Noy R; Pollard JW
Immunity 2014[Jul]; 41 (1): 49-61 PMID25035953show ga
The tumor microenvironment is a complex ecology of cells that evolves with and provides support to tumor cells during the transition to malignancy. Among the innate and adaptive immune cells recruited to the tumor site, macrophages are particularly abundant and are present at all stages of tumor progression. Clinical studies and experimental mouse models indicate these macrophages generally play a pro-tumoral role. In the primary tumor, macrophage can stimulate angiogenesis and enhance tumor cell invasion, motility and intravasation. During metastasis, macrophages prime the pre-metastatic site and promote tumor cell extravasation, survival and persistent growth. Macrophages are also immunosuppressive preventing tumor cell attack by natural killer and T cells during tumor progression and after recovery from chemo- or immuno-therapy. Therapeutic success in targeting these pro-tumoral roles in pre-clinical models and in early clinical trials suggests that macrophages are attractive targets as part of combination therapy in cancer treatment.