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10.1016/j.molimm.2008.03.017 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.molimm.2008.03.017 18471884!ä!18471884 Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=18471884&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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APRIL affects antibody responses and early leukocyte infiltration, but not influenza A viral control |pdf=|usr=}}{{18471884}} gab.com Text APRIL affects antibody responses and early leukocyte infiltration, but not influenza A viral control JO: Mol Immunol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=18471884 #FOAvip A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) is implicated in the regulation of class switch recombination to IgA in T-independent B cell responses. Since B cells play an important role in the immunity to influenza A virus and resistance against the virus is partly controlled by T-independent IgA B cell responses, we studied the role of APRIL during an influenza A infection in vivo. APRIL transgenic, wild-type and APRIL deficient mice were intranasally infected with a non-lethal dose of a mouse adapted strain of influenza A. Compared to wild-type mice, APRIL deficient mice showed a twofold reduction in the amount of macrophages in the lungs and a tendency towards decreased granulocyte influx in the early leukocyte recruitment phase. Although the T cell immune response against influenza was unaffected, APRIL Tg mice showed prolonged influenza-specific IgM production and differential class switching. Unexpectedly, the IgA B cell response was completely T helper cell dependent and also not affected by the absence or presence of APRIL. In addition, viral clearance and recovery from the infection was not influenced by APRIL. Combined these results indicate that APRIL affects specific aspects of the anti-influenza response, but plays a limited role in disease recovery. Twit Text FOAVip APRIL affects antibody responses and early leukocyte infiltration, but not influenza A viral control ????Mol Immunol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=18471884 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=18471884 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|18471884}}</ref> APRIL affects antibody responses and early leukocyte infiltration, but not influenza A viral control #MMPMID18471884 Hardenberg G; van der Sluijs K; van der Poll T; Medema JP Mol Immunol 2008[Jun]; 45 (11): 3050-8 PMID18471884show ga A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) is implicated in the regulation of class switch recombination to IgA in T-independent B cell responses. Since B cells play an important role in the immunity to influenza A virus and resistance against the virus is partly controlled by T-independent IgA B cell responses, we studied the role of APRIL during an influenza A infection in vivo. APRIL transgenic, wild-type and APRIL deficient mice were intranasally infected with a non-lethal dose of a mouse adapted strain of influenza A. Compared to wild-type mice, APRIL deficient mice showed a twofold reduction in the amount of macrophages in the lungs and a tendency towards decreased granulocyte influx in the early leukocyte recruitment phase. Although the T cell immune response against influenza was unaffected, APRIL Tg mice showed prolonged influenza-specific IgM production and differential class switching. Unexpectedly, the IgA B cell response was completely T helper cell dependent and also not affected by the absence or presence of APRIL. In addition, viral clearance and recovery from the infection was not influenced by APRIL. Combined these results indicate that APRIL affects specific aspects of the anti-influenza response, but plays a limited role in disease recovery. |*Cell Movement[MESH] |Animals[MESH] |Antibody Formation/*immunology[MESH] |Antigens, CD/immunology[MESH] |Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology[MESH] |B-Lymphocytes/immunology[MESH] |Body Weight[MESH] |CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology[MESH] |Cell Count[MESH] |Chemokine CCL2/immunology[MESH] |Influenza A virus/*immunology[MESH] |Interleukin-6/immunology[MESH] |Lectins, C-Type[MESH] |Leukocytes/cytology/*immunology/*virology[MESH] |Lung/cytology/immunology/virology[MESH] |Macrophages/cytology/immunology/virology[MESH] |Mice[MESH] |Mice, Inbred C57BL[MESH] |Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13/deficiency/genetics/*immunology[MESH] |Up-Regulation[MESH]APRIL affects antibody responses and early leukocyte infiltration, but(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing