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The deubiquitylase USP10 regulates integrin beta1 and beta5 and fibrotic wound healing #MMPMID28851806
Gillespie SR; Tedesco LJ; Wang L; Bernstein AM
J Cell Sci 2017[Oct]; 130 (20): 3481-3495 PMID28851806show ga
Scarring and fibrotic disease result from the persistence of myofibroblasts characterized by high surface expression of alphav integrins and subsequent activation of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) proteins; however, the mechanism controlling their surface abundance is unknown. Genetic screening revealed that human primary stromal corneal myofibroblasts overexpress a subset of deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs), which remove ubiquitin from proteins, preventing degradation. Silencing of the DUB USP10 induces a buildup of ubiquitin on integrins beta1 and beta5 in cell lysates, whereas recombinant USP10 removes ubiquitin from these integrin subunits. Correspondingly, the loss and gain of USP10 decreases and increases, respectively, alphav/beta1/beta5 protein levels, without altering gene expression. Consequently, endogenous TGFbeta is activated and the fibrotic markers alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and cellular fibronectin (FN-EDA) are induced. Blocking either TGFbeta signaling or cell-surface alphav integrins after USP10 overexpression prevents or reduces fibrotic marker expression. Finally, silencing of USP10 in an ex vivo cornea organ culture model prevents the induction of fibrotic markers and promotes regenerative healing. This novel mechanism puts DUB expression at the head of a cascade regulating integrin abundance and suggests USP10 as a novel antifibrotic target.