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The role of IgG Fc receptors in antibody-dependent enhancement #MMPMID32782358
Bournazos S; Gupta A; Ravetch JV
Nat Rev Immunol 2020[Oct]; 20 (10): 633-643 PMID32782358show ga
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a mechanism by which the pathogenesis of certain viral infections is enhanced in the presence of sub-neutralizing or cross-reactive non-neutralizing antiviral antibodies. In vitro modelling of ADE has attributed enhanced pathogenesis to Fcgamma receptor (FcgammaR)-mediated viral entry, rather than canonical viral receptor-mediated entry. However, the putative FcgammaR-dependent mechanisms of ADE overlap with the role of these receptors in mediating antiviral protection in various viral infections, necessitating a detailed understanding of how this diverse family of receptors functions in protection and pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the diversity of immune responses mediated upon FcgammaR engagement and review the available experimental evidence supporting the role of FcgammaRs in antiviral protection and pathogenesis through ADE. We explore FcgammaR engagement in the context of a range of different viral infections, including dengue virus and SARS-CoV, and consider ADE in the context of the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.