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Airborne dispersion of droplets during coughing: a physical model of viral transmission #MMPMID33633316
Li H; Leong FY; Xu G; Kang CW; Lim KH; Tan BH; Loo CM
Sci Rep 2021[Feb]; 11 (1): 4617 PMID33633316show ga
The Covid-19 pandemic has focused attention on airborne transmission of viruses. Using realistic air flow simulation, we model droplet dispersion from coughing and study the transmission risk related to SARS-CoV-2. Although this model defines most airborne droplets as 8-16 microm in diameter, we infer that larger droplets of 32-40 microm in diameter may potentially be more infectious due to higher viral content. Use of face masks is therefore recommended for both personal and social protection. We found social distancing effective at reducing transmission potential across all droplet sizes. However, the presence of a human body 1 m away modifies the aerodynamics so that downstream droplet dispersion is enhanced, which has implications on safe distancing in queues. At 1 m distance, we found that an average of 0.55 viral copies is inhaled for a cough at median loading, scalable up to 340 copies at peak loading. Droplet evaporation results in significant reduction in droplet counts, but airborne transmission remains possible even under low humidity conditions.