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Commensal Microbiome Expands Tgammadelta17 Cells in the Lung and Promotes Particulate Matter-Induced Acute Neutrophilia #MMPMID33854510
Yang C; Kwon DI; Kim M; Im SH; Lee YJ
Front Immunol 2021[]; 12 (ä): 645741 PMID33854510show ga
Particulate matter (PM) induces neutrophilic inflammation and deteriorates the prognosis of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and infections, including COVID-19. Here, we addressed the role of gammadelta T cells and intestinal microbiome in PM-induced acute neutrophilia. gammadelta T cells are a heterogeneous population composed of Tgammadelta1, Tgammadelta2, Tgammadelta17, and naive gammadelta T cells (TgammadeltaN) and commensal bacteria promote local expansion of Tgammadelta17 cells, particularly in the lung and gut without affecting their Vgamma repertoire. Tgammadelta17 cells are more tissue resident than Tgammadelta1 cells, while TgammadeltaN cells are circulating cells. IL-1R expression in Tgammadelta17 cells is highest in the lung and they outnumber all the other type 17 cells such as Th17, ILC3, NKT17, and MAIT17 cells. Upon PM exposure, IL-1beta-secreting neutrophils and IL-17-producing Tgammadelta17 cells attract each other around the airways. Accordingly, PM-induced neutrophilia was significantly relieved in gammadelta T- or IL-17-deficient and germ-free mice. Collectively, these findings show that the commensal microbiome promotes PM-induced neutrophilia in the lung via Tgammadelta17 cells.