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10.1093/nsr/nwaa246 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1093/nsr/nwaa246 34676089!7543514!34676089     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\34676089.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Natl+Sci+Rev 2021 ; 8 (1): nwaa246 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=34676089|t=2021. On the founder effect in COVID-19 outbreaks: how many infected travelers may have started them all?|pdf=|usr=}}{{34676089}} gab.com Text On the founder effect in COVID-19 outbreaks: how many infected travelers may have started them all JO: Natl Sci Rev http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34676089 #FOAvip How many incoming travelers (I(0) at time 0, equivalent to the 'founders' in evolutionary genetics) infected with SARS-CoV-2 who visit or return to a region could have started the epidemic of that region? I(0) would be informative about the initiation and progression of epidemics. To obtain I(0) , we analyze the genetic divergence among viral populations of different regions. By applying the 'individual-output' model of genetic drift to the SARS-CoV-2 diversities, we obtain I(0) < 10, which could have been achieved by one infected traveler in a long-distance flight. The conclusion is robust regardless of the source population, the continuation of inputs (I(t) for t > 0) or the fitness of the variants. With such a tiny trickle of human movement igniting many outbreaks, the crucial stage of repressing an epidemic in any region should, therefore, be the very first sign of local contagion when positive cases first become identifiable. The implications of the highly 'portable' epidemics, including their early evolution prior to any outbreak, are explored in the companion study (Ruan et al., personal communication). Twit Text FOAVip On the founder effect in COVID-19 outbreaks: how many infected travelers may have started them all ????Natl Sci Rev http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34676089 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34676089 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|34676089}}</ref> On the founder effect in COVID-19 outbreaks: how many infected travelers may have started them all? #MMPMID34676089 Ruan Y; Luo Z; Tang X; Li G; Wen H; He X; Lu X; Lu J; Wu CI Natl Sci Rev 2021[Jan]; 8 (1): nwaa246 PMID34676089show ga How many incoming travelers (I(0) at time 0, equivalent to the 'founders' in evolutionary genetics) infected with SARS-CoV-2 who visit or return to a region could have started the epidemic of that region? I(0) would be informative about the initiation and progression of epidemics. To obtain I(0) , we analyze the genetic divergence among viral populations of different regions. By applying the 'individual-output' model of genetic drift to the SARS-CoV-2 diversities, we obtain I(0) < 10, which could have been achieved by one infected traveler in a long-distance flight. The conclusion is robust regardless of the source population, the continuation of inputs (I(t) for t > 0) or the fitness of the variants. With such a tiny trickle of human movement igniting many outbreaks, the crucial stage of repressing an epidemic in any region should, therefore, be the very first sign of local contagion when positive cases first become identifiable. The implications of the highly 'portable' epidemics, including their early evolution prior to any outbreak, are explored in the companion study (Ruan et al., personal communication). äOn the founder effect in COVID-19 outbreaks: how many infected travele(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing