
| 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-13-0158
http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-13-0158
 C4264658!4264658!24958280
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Cancer+Immunol+Res 2014 ; 2 (9): 878-89 Nephropedia Template TP
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CALGB 150905 (Alliance): Rituximab broadens the anti-lymphoma response by activating unlicensed NK cells #MMPMID24958280Du J; Lopez-Verges S; Pitcher BN; Johnson J; Jung SH; Zhou L; Hsu K; Czuczman MS; Cheson B; Kaplan L; Lanier LL; Venstrom JMCancer Immunol Res 2014[Sep]; 2 (9): 878-89 PMID24958280show ga
Natural killer (NK) cells contribute to clinical responses in patients treated with rituximab, but the rules determining NK cell responsiveness to mAb therapies are poorly defined. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms responsible for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) could yield useful biomarkers for predicting clinical responses in patients. Unlicensed NK cells, defined as NK cells lacking expression of an inhibitory KIR for self-HLA class I ligands, are hypo-responsive in steady-state, but are potent effectors in inflammatory conditions. We hypothesized that antitumor antibodies such as rituximab can overcome NK cell dependence on licensing, making unlicensed NK cells important for clinical responses. Here we examined the influences of variations in KIR and HLA class I alleles on in vitro responses to rituximab. We tested the clinical significance in a cohort of follicular lymphoma patients treated with rituximab-containing mAb combinations and show that rituximab triggers responses from all NK cell populations regardless of licensing. Neither IL-2 nor accessory cells are required for activating unlicensed NK cells, but both can augment rituximab-mediated ADCC. Moreover, in 101 follicular lymphoma patients treated with rituximab-containing mAb combinations, a ?missing ligand? genotype (predictive of unlicensed NK cells) is associated with higher progression-free survival. Our data suggest that the clinical efficacy of rituximab may be driven, in part, by its ability to broaden the NK cell repertoire to include previously hypo-responsive, unlicensed NK cells. A ?missing ligand? KIR and HLA class I genotype may be predictive of this benefit, and useful for personalizing treatment decisions in lymphomas and other tumors.�
  
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