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Myc drives Pten/p53-deficient proliferation and metastasis due to Il6-secretion and Akt-suppression via Phlpp2 #MMPMID25829425
Nowak DG; Cho H; Herzka T; Watrud K; DeMarco DV; Wang VMY; Senturk S; Fellmann C; Ding D; Beinortas T; Kleinman D; Chen M; Sordella R; Wilkinson JE; Castillo-Martin M; Cordon-Cardo C; Robinson BD; Trotman LC
Cancer Discov 2015[Jun]; 5 (6): 636-51 PMID25829425show ga
We have recently recapitulated metastasis of human PTEN/TP53-mutant PC in mouse using the RapidCaP system. Surprisingly, we found that this metastasis is driven by Myc-, and not Akt-activation.Here, we show that cell-cell communication by Il6 drives the Akt-Myc switch through activation of the Akt-suppressing phosphatase Phlpp2, when Pten and p53 are lost together, but not separately. Il6 then communicates a downstream program of Stat3-mediated Myc-activation, which drives cell proliferation. Similarly in tissues, peak proliferation in Pten/Trp53 mutant primary and metastatic PC does not correlate with activated Akt, but with Stat3/Myc activation instead. Mechanistically, Myc strongly activates the Akt phosphatase Phlpp2 in primary cells and PC metastasis. We show genetically that Phlpp2 is essential for dictating proliferation of Myc-mediated Akt-suppression.Collectively, our data reveal competition between two proto-oncogenes: Myc and Akt, which ensnarls the Phlpp2 gene to facilitate Myc-driven PC metastasis after loss of Pten and Trp53.