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Loss of T Follicular Helper Cells In the Peripheral Blood Of Patients With Chronic Graft vs Host Disease #MMPMID26806586
Knorr DA; Wang H; Aurora M; MacMillan ML; Holton SG; Bergerson R; Cao Q; Weisdorf DJ; Cooley S; Brunstein C; Miller JS; Wagner JE; Blazar BR; Verneris MR
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016[May]; 22 (5): 825-33 PMID26806586show ga
B cell anti-host antibody production plays a central role in chronic graft-vs-host disease (cGVHD). T follicular helper (TFH) cells drive B cell responses and are implicated in this process. Given differences in cGVHD incidence between umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adult donor transplant recipients, we evaluated TFH cell reconstitution kinetics to define graft source differences and their potential pathogenic role in cGVHD. Although we observed significantly fewer TFH cells in the blood of UCB recipients (vs. matched related donors (MRD)) early after transplantation, by 1 year the numbers of TFH cells were similar. Additionally, at both early (day 60) and late (1 year) time points, TFH cell phenotype was predominantly central memory cells in both cohorts. TFH cells were functional and able to produce multiple cytokines (INF-?, TNF-?, IL-2, IL-17 and IL-21) following stimulation. In contrast to mouse models where an enhanced frequency of splenic TFH cells contributes to cGVHD, patients with cGVHD showed significantly depleted circulating TFH cells following both UCB and MRD transplantation. Low numbers of TFH cells early after UCB transplantation could directly contribute to less cGVHD in this cohort. Additionally, systemic therapy (including steroids and calcineurin inhibitors) may contribute to decreases in TFH cells in patients with cGVHD. These data provide further evidence supporting the importance of TFH cells in cGVHD pathogenesis.