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10.2147/IJNRD.S161001 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.2147/IJNRD.S161001 C5937486!5937486!29760559     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=29760559&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Smoking and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: a post hoc survival analysis of the FAVORIT trial |pdf=|usr=}}{{29760559}} gab.com Text Smoking and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: a post hoc survival analysis of the FAVORIT trial JO: Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29760559 #FOAvip Background: Tobacco use remains an international health problem with between 10% and 40% of adults currently using tobacco. Given the rising number of patients either awaiting or having received a kidney transplant and the absence of smoking cessation as the criterion for transplantation in guidelines, we explored the association between smoking status and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Patients and methods: In this post hoc analysis of the Folic Acid for Vascular Outcome Reduction in Transplant trial, the associations between smoking status, defined as never having smoked, formerly or currently smoking, and both all-cause mortality and graft survival were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Fatal events were centrally adjudicated into prespecified categories: all-cause, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes. Graft loss was defined as return to dialysis or retransplantation. Clinical Trials URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00064753. Results: Among 4110 transplant recipients, there were 451 current smokers and 1611 former smokers. The mortality rate per 100 patient-years was 4.0 (71 deaths) for smokers, 3.5 (226 deaths) for former smokers and 2.4 (116 deaths) for never smokers. Hazard ratio for mortality for current smokers was 1.70 (CI=1.26?2.29, p=0.001) and for former smokers was 1.21 (0.98?1.50, p=0.08) with 1.0 representing never smokers. As the number of cardiovascular deaths was similar in each group (all p>0.3), the differences between groups was driven by non-cardiovascular death rates. Current smokers (2.39; 1.62?3.61, p<0.001) and former smokers (1.50; 1.12?2.01, p=0.007) had increased hazard of non-cardiovascular death. Kidney allograft failure was more likely in current smokers than in either former or never smokers (3.5, 2.1 and 2.0 per 100 patient-years, p<0.001, adjusted hazard ratio 1.49 and 1.05, respectively). Conclusion: Continued smoking was associated with >100% increased risk of non-cardiovascular death, 70% greater risk of all-cause mortality and a 50% greater risk of graft loss, a risk not seen in former smokers. These findings confirm previous non-adjudicated observations that smoking is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and suggest that more emphasis should be placed on smoking cessation prior to kidney transplantation. Twit Text FOAVip Smoking and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: a post hoc survival analysis of the FAVORIT trial ????Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29760559 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29760559 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29760559}}</ref> Smoking and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: a post hoc survival analysis of the FAVORIT trial #MMPMID29760559 Weinrauch LA; Claggett B; Liu J; Finn PV; Weir MR; Weiner DE; D?Elia JA Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2018[]; 11 (�): 155-64 PMID29760559show ga Background: Tobacco use remains an international health problem with between 10% and 40% of adults currently using tobacco. Given the rising number of patients either awaiting or having received a kidney transplant and the absence of smoking cessation as the criterion for transplantation in guidelines, we explored the association between smoking status and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Patients and methods: In this post hoc analysis of the Folic Acid for Vascular Outcome Reduction in Transplant trial, the associations between smoking status, defined as never having smoked, formerly or currently smoking, and both all-cause mortality and graft survival were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Fatal events were centrally adjudicated into prespecified categories: all-cause, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes. Graft loss was defined as return to dialysis or retransplantation. Clinical Trials URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00064753. Results: Among 4110 transplant recipients, there were 451 current smokers and 1611 former smokers. The mortality rate per 100 patient-years was 4.0 (71 deaths) for smokers, 3.5 (226 deaths) for former smokers and 2.4 (116 deaths) for never smokers. Hazard ratio for mortality for current smokers was 1.70 (CI=1.26?2.29, p=0.001) and for former smokers was 1.21 (0.98?1.50, p=0.08) with 1.0 representing never smokers. As the number of cardiovascular deaths was similar in each group (all p>0.3), the differences between groups was driven by non-cardiovascular death rates. Current smokers (2.39; 1.62?3.61, p<0.001) and former smokers (1.50; 1.12?2.01, p=0.007) had increased hazard of non-cardiovascular death. Kidney allograft failure was more likely in current smokers than in either former or never smokers (3.5, 2.1 and 2.0 per 100 patient-years, p<0.001, adjusted hazard ratio 1.49 and 1.05, respectively). Conclusion: Continued smoking was associated with >100% increased risk of non-cardiovascular death, 70% greater risk of all-cause mortality and a 50% greater risk of graft loss, a risk not seen in former smokers. These findings confirm previous non-adjudicated observations that smoking is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and suggest that more emphasis should be placed on smoking cessation prior to kidney transplantation. �Smoking and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: a post hoc survi(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing