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Clin Exp Metastasis 2018[Feb]; 35 (1-2): 37-51 PMID29396728show ga
HIF-1? is a transcriptional regulator that functions in the adaptation of cells to hypoxic conditions; it strongly impacts the prognosis of patients with cancer. High-dose, intravenous, pharmacological ascorbate (P-AscH?), induces cytotoxicity and oxidative stress selectively in cancer cells by acting as a pro-drug for the delivery of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); early clinical data suggest improved survival and inhibition of metastasis in patients being actively treated with P-AscH?. Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of HIF-1? is necessary for P-AscH? sensitivity. We hypothesized that pancreatic cancer (PDAC) progression and metastasis could be be targeted by P-AscH?via H2O2-mediated inhibition of HIF-1? stabilization. Our study demonstrates an oxygen- and prolyl hydroxylase-independent regulation of HIF-1? by P-AscH?. Additionally, P-AscH? decreased VEGF secretion in a dose-dependent manner that was reversible with catalase, consistent with an H2O2-mediated mechanism. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations of HIF-1? did not alter P-AscH?-induced cytotoxicity. In vivo, P-AscH? inhibited tumor growth and VEGF expression. We conclude that P-AscH? suppresses the levels of HIF-1? protein in hypoxic conditions through a post-translational mechanism. These findings suggest potential new therapies specifically designed to inhibit the mechanisms that drive metastases as a part of PDAC treatment.